ABSTRACT
The patient is a 71-year-old man. After receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRTx) for an unresectable esophageal cancer, he developed sudden hematemesis during a follow-up examination. Subsequent imaging via contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed leakage of the contrast medium from the descending aorta into the esophagus. Consequently, an aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) was diagnosed and an emergency thoracic endovascular aortic stent graft repair (TEVAR) was scheduled. However, during the preparation for surgery, the patient vomited a large amount of blood and went into cardiopulmonary arrest. Following the administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube (SB-tube) was inserted intranasally to control bleeding and TEVAR was performed to save his life. Although a gastrostomy was necessary after the surgery, the patient was transferred from the hospital on the 32nd day without any complications. Nonetheless, his general condition deteriorated as the cancer progressed and he died on the 103rd postoperative day. It is generally reported that the risk for esophageal perforation is 10-20% in CRTx for unresectable esophageal cancer. Although issues regarding the long-term prognosis of patients treated with TEVAR have been highlighted in recent years, there have also been reports of life-saving cases following its use; in this case, the patient was discharged home after SB-tube insertion and TEVAR with prompt treatment, resulting in his life being prolonged for an estimated 3 months.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate and compare the patient flow in the emergency department and the number of surgeries performed, as well as to determine the incidence of diseases due to the impact generated by the pandemic in April, May, June, and July 2020. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study that analyzed medical records using the TASY Phillips software. The 2019 information was compiled and served as a basis accomplish our comparative analyses. The ICD-10 was used to determine the different conditions considering the highest incidence of them. Results: there was a reduction in attendance of 49.3%; the reduction in the number of surgeries was 34.39%; among the main diagnoses in decreasing order were: Pain in the Lumbar Spine (18.76%), Joint Pain (14.82%), Neck Pain (7.7%), Ankle Sprain (4.2%) and Pain in the Limb (3.54%). Conclusion: There was a decrease in the number of visits and the overall incidence of surgeries in our service. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar o fluxo de pacientes no pronto-socorro e o número de cirurgias, bem como determinar a incidência das doenças pelo impacto gerado pela pandemia nos meses de abril, maio, junho e julho de 2020. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo transversal que analisou prontuários médicos por meio do software TASY Phillips. Foram compiladas as informações do ano de 2019, que serviram como base para realizar as análises comparativas. Foi utilizado o CID-10 para determinar as diferentes afecções de maior incidência. Resultados: Houve redução nos atendimentos de 49,3%; a redução do número de cirurgias foi 34,39%; os principais diagnósticos em ordem decrescente foram: dor na coluna lombar (18,76%), dor articular (14,82%), cervicalgia (7,7%), entorse de tornozelo (4,2%) e dor no membro (3,54%). Conclusão: Houve decréscimo do número de atendimentos e da incidência global de cirurgias em nosso serviço. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo Retrospectivo.
ABSTRACT
<p>We report two cases of extended sandwich patch technique through right ventriculotomy for ventricular septal perforation (VSP). One was an 82-year-old woman. Preoperative coronary angiography showed occlusion of the left anterior descending artery proximal to the first major septal branch. Operative inspection revealed relatively extensive infarction of the anterior wall, a part of which had the appearance of free wall rupture. In the other case of an 85-year-old woman, the culprit lesion was occlusion of the left anterior descending artery distal to several septal branches and to the first diagonal branch. Despite their old age and emergency surgery in cardiogenic shock status, their postoperative recovery was uneventful. In the former case, however, echocardiography at the early postoperative phase revealed significant expansion and thinning of the infarcted anterior wall. Furthermore, serial observations showed deterioration of the left ventricular systolic function and mitral regurgitation due to leaflet tethering. In addition to secure VSP closure by transmural stitches, extended sandwich patch technique can offer geometric and functional preservation of postinfarction left ventricle. Although this can eliminate the risk of postoperative low output syndrome even if anterior infarction is extensive, late follow-up will be required because this technique can also allow postinfarction left ventricular remodeling.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p>A 23-year-old woman with mitral valve infective endocarditis complicated by embolism of the right common iliac artery underwent transfemoral embolectomy by a Fogarty catheter and mitral valve replacement. She developed occlusion of the right internal iliac artery, that was revealed by computed tomography on the 9th postoperative day. The occlusion was considered to result from migration of a part of the emboli from the right common iliac artery into the right internal iliac artery during the procedure of embolectomy. On the 16th postoperative day, she underwent repeat mitral valve replacement because of perivalvular leakage. Furthermore, after 2 weeks from the diagnosis of embolism of the right internal iliac artery, the embolic site showed aneurysmal formation finally requiring aneurysmectomy. Her recovery was uneventful. Our case is considered to be rare in that serial observations on computed tomography indicated the development of mycotic aneurysm at the site of septic embolism. In addition, care must be taken to prevent migration of emboli into branched arteries during the procedure of embolectomy for peripheral arterial septic embolism caused by infective endocarditis.</p>
ABSTRACT
We report a case of successful anatomical reconstruction with omentopexy of an infected abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in a patient with a previous history of coronary artery bypass grafting with the right gastroepiploic artery. A 60-year-old man was referred to our institute because of fever and abdominal pain during hemodialysis for chronic renal failure. Antibiotic therapy was started after computed tomography revealed an infected abdominal aortic aneurysm. After infection control, surgical treatment was scheduled. At surgery, left axillo-bifemoral bypass was performed first, because it was unclear whether the omentum was large enough for omentopexy. At laparotomy, adequate omentum and infective AAA were confirmed. AAA repair using a rifampicin-soaked graft, and omentopexy were performed. <i>Enterobacter aerogenes </i>was detected from the resected aortic wall. After the operation, intravenous antibiotic was used for 25 days until CRP was normalized. One year follow-up showed no sign of re-infection.
ABSTRACT
Aortic dissection with rupture into the right atrium is an extremely rare and rapidly fatal condition. We report the case of a 59-year-old man with a history of double valve replacement 2 years earlier at another hospital. Although the previous postoperative course had been uneventful, the patient had experienced facial edema and general fatigue for 10 days before admission to our hospital because of heart failure. The diagnosis of chronic aortic dissection with rupture into the right atrium was confirmed by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography. At operation, we observed an aortic dissection that originated from a tear in the original aortic incision line. The fistula extended from the false lumen to the right atrium. The aortic adventitia were partially defective. The aortic dissection had ruptured and a pseudo-aneurysm had formed. We performed ascending aortic replacement and closure of the aorta-right atrium fistula under hypothermic arrest on cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the 17th postoperative day.
ABSTRACT
Subclavian artery aneurysm (SCAA), a peripheral arterial aneurysm, is a rare entity. The surgical procedure and approach depend on the location of the aneurysm. We present a case of the endovascular therapy combined with cross axillary bypass. The patient was a 75-year-old man with a small abdominal aortic aneurysm. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) revealed an intrathoracic right SCAA 38 mm in diameter. The operation was performed successfully under general anesthesia. After cross bypass of bilateral axillary artery, the orifice of the right subclavian artery was covered with a stent-graft inserted into the right common carotid artery-brachiocephalic artery and the right subclavian artery was occluded with coils distal to the aneurysm. Post operation angiogram showed complete exclusion of the SCAA and patency of the right common carotid and right vertebral artery. We thought this hybrid treatment for the intrathoracic SCAA could be a useful surgical strategy.
ABSTRACT
A pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic aorta after cardiac surgery is a rare complication, but can be life-threatening when it is ruptured. The pseudoaneurysm itself presents no symptoms in many cases, or may be similar to an atherosclerotic aortic aneurysm. Therefore, it is usually found incidently during imaging studies. We encountered 3 cases of pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic aorta that developed during the long-term follow-up after congenital cardiac surgery. None of the patients experienced specific symptoms associated with the pseudoaneurysm, and were diagnosed by chest roentgenograms and computed tomography. Most patients who undergo surgery for congenital heart defects as adolescents are free from medical treatment, and do not regularly see a doctor after the surgery. It is important to consider the possibility of a pseudoaneurysm in patients having a history of cardiac surgery.